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راه قشری پیازی
to the corticobulbar tract does not cause massive dysfunction because each tract connects bilaterally with most cranial nerve motor nuclei.
The important exceptions are CNs 7 and 12, as corticobulbar tract lesions result in contralateral lower facial paralysis (Fig. 31) and, in some patients, contralateral weakness of the tongue (question 5-4).
Bilateral lesions of the corticobulbar tracts result in a profound dysfunction, termed pseudobulbar palsy.
There may also be interruption of the corticobulbar tract on the right before the fibers cross over to the left nuclei of CNS 12 and 7.
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